codeintel: Add associated upload and index records to UI

Created by: efritz

Expose associated upload and indexes in the UI. Fixes #21609 (closed).

Summary of code changes:

• Started fetching associatedIndex/associatedUpload when querying upload and index records
• Added and displayed CodeIntelAssociatedUpload and CodeIntelAssociatedIndex components
• Cleanup/drive-by:
  • Moved <h3> from timeline into where it's called
  • Moved card and card-body classes into CodeIntelUploadMeta and CodeIntelIndexMeta for consistency
  • Moved d-flex flex-column align-items-center classes out from CodeIntelState
  • Made types in shared code intel components more specific to its use of the types