codeintel: Update store to target new nearest upload tables

Created by: efritz

This PR updates the store (and the uses in the worker processor, the code intel API layer, and the code intel resolver layer) to target the new tables which were introduced in https://github.com/sourcegraph/sourcegraph/pull/12406.

This PR closes https://github.com/sourcegraph/sourcegraph/issues/12098 and closes https://github.com/sourcegraph/sourcegraph/issues/12095.

This is part of a larger effort towards https://github.com/sourcegraph/sourcegraph/issues/12098.