Add bundle writer abstraction

Created by: efritz

Create an abstraction between the bundle manager database and the storage layer. This makes a solid interface that we can use to later abstract out the storage layer if we find something that works better.

This implements the symmetric part of https://github.com/sourcegraph/sourcegraph/pull/10208. This partially implements https://github.com/sourcegraph/sourcegraph/issues/9965.

Created by: codecov[bot]

Codecov Report

Merging #10226 into master will decrease coverage by 0.43%. The diff coverage is 60.81%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #10226      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   44.04%   43.61%   -0.44%     
==========================================
  Files        1419     1395      -24     
  Lines       77891    76700    -1191     
  Branches     6706     6706              
==========================================
- Hits        34310    33450     -860     
+ Misses      40430    40176     -254     
+ Partials     3151     3074      -77     

Flag	Coverage Δ
#unit	43.61% <60.81%> (-0.44%)

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
internal/codeintel/bundles/writer/sqlite_writer.go	60.81% <60.81%> (ø)
internal/codeintel/db/references.go	76.27% <0.00%> (-7.07%)
internal/codeintel/db/uploads.go	86.11% <0.00%> (-2.08%)
internal/codeintel/db/dumps.go	89.69% <0.00%> (-1.43%)
internal/codeintel/db/job_handle.go
...-intel-worker/internal/correlation/canonicalize.go
...-code-intel-worker/internal/existence/existence.go
...-code-intel-worker/internal/correlation/convert.go
...-intel-worker/internal/correlation/lsif/element.go
...r/internal/correlation/lsif/package_information.go
... and 21 more